Written by Maryanna Rick
Modified & Updated: 11 May 2024
Reviewed by Jessica Corbett
Kolkata, also known as Calcutta, is a city steeped in rich history and vibrant culture. Located in the eastern part of India, Kolkata is the capital of the state of West Bengal and serves as a melting pot of diverse traditions, languages, and cuisines. This bustling metropolis has a population of over 14 million people, making it the third-largest city in India.
With its colonial-era architecture, literary heritage, and artistic ambiance, Kolkata has earned the title of the “Cultural Capital of India.” From its iconic Howrah Bridge and Victoria Memorial to its bustling street markets and delicious street food, this city offers a unique blend of old-world charm and modernity.
In this article, we will explore 43 fascinating facts about Kolkata, shedding light on its history, landmarks, festivals, and much more. So, let’s dive in and discover the many wonders of this captivating city.
Key Takeaways:
- Kolkata, also known as Calcutta, is a vibrant city with a rich history, famous for its iconic landmarks, literary heritage, and delectable street food culture.
- The city is home to the oldest museum in India, the famous Durga Puja festival, and the birthplace of Indian cinema, making it a must-visit destination for history, culture, and film enthusiasts.
British East India Company established Kolkata in 1690.
Kolkata was originally a small village called Sutanuti before it was developed by the British as a trading post.
Kolkata served as the capital of British India from 1772 to 1911.
During this time, the city witnessed significant political, economic, and cultural growth under British rule.
The name “Kolkata” was derived from the Bengali word “Kolikata.”
It is believed that “Kolikata” refers to the location of the original fishing village.
Kolkata is the third-largest city in India.
With a population of over 14 million people, Kolkata is a bustling metropolis that attracts visitors from all over the world.
The iconic Howrah Bridge connects Kolkata with its neighboring city, Howrah.
This cantilever bridge is one of the busiest and most vital transportation links in the country.
Kolkata is home to the oldest operating electric tram system in Asia.
The Kolkata Tramways started operating in 1902 and still serves as an integral part of the city’s public transportation system.
The Indian Museum in Kolkata is the oldest museum in India.
Established in 1814, it houses an extensive collection of artifacts, including ancient sculptures, Egyptian mummies, and rare manuscripts.
Kolkata is renowned for its literary heritage.
Many famous writers and poets, such as Rabindranath Tagore and Satyajit Ray, have called Kolkata their home.
The Victoria Memorial, a grand marble building, is one of Kolkata’s most iconic landmarks.
It was built in honor of Queen Victoria and now serves as a museum showcasing the city’s history.
Kolkata is famous for its street food culture.
From delicious puchka (pani puri) to mouthwatering kathi rolls, the city offers a wide variety of delectable and affordable street snacks.
Kolkata hosts the annual Kolkata International Film Festival.
This prestigious film festival attracts renowned filmmakers and cinema enthusiasts from around the world.
The famous Durga Puja festival in Kolkata is one of the biggest Hindu celebrations in the world.
During this time, the city comes alive with colorful decorations, elaborate processions, and cultural performances.
Kolkata is known for its thriving arts and culture scene.
The city boasts numerous art galleries, theaters, and music venues that showcase the rich artistic traditions of the region.
Kolkata is home to the prestigious Presidency University, established in 1817.
Many notable scholars, scientists, and politicians have graduated from this esteemed institution.
The iconic Howrah Station is one of the busiest railway stations in India.
It serves as a major transportation hub connecting Kolkata with various parts of the country.
The Indian Coffee House in Kolkata is a historic place frequented by intellectuals and artists.
It has been a meeting point for lively discussions and debates since its establishment in 1942.
The Marble Palace in Kolkata is a stunning mansion filled with priceless artifacts and sculptures.
It is a glimpse into the opulent lifestyle of the city’s wealthy elite during the British era.
Kolkata is home to the Eden Gardens, one of the most iconic cricket stadiums in the world.
It has hosted numerous historic matches and is a revered venue for cricket lovers.
The Howrah Junction Railway Station has the largest number of platforms in India.
It boasts a staggering 23 platforms, accommodating the heavy influx of commuters.
Kolkata is known for its love for art and theater.
The city has a thriving theater scene, with famous productions and talented actors.
Kolkata’s College Street is often referred to as “Boi Para,” meaning the land of books.
It houses numerous bookstores and educational institutions, making it a paradise for book lovers.
The Indian Botanical Gardens in Kolkata is home to the second-largest Banyan tree in the world.
This colossal tree with its aerial prop roots is a mesmerizing sight.
Kolkata is home to the Howrah Bridge, which is a remarkable feat of engineering.
This cantilever bridge connects Kolkata with its neighboring city, Howrah, and is a vital transportation link.
The famous Kalighat Temple in Kolkata is dedicated to the Hindu goddess Kali.
It is one of the most important pilgrimage sites for devotees of the goddess.
Kolkata is known for its love for literature and hosts the Kolkata Literary Festival.
Renowned authors, poets, and literary enthusiasts gather to celebrate the power of words.
Kolkata is home to the iconic College of Engineering and Technology, established in 1856.
It is one of the oldest engineering colleges in the country.
The iconic tramways of Kolkata are an integral part of the city’s heritage.
They provide a nostalgic glimpse into the past and offer a unique mode of transportation.
The Indian Statistical Institute, located in Kolkata, is a renowned institution for research and teaching in statistics.
It has made significant contributions to the field of statistics and data analysis.
Kolkata is famous for its grand architectural marvels, including heritage buildings and mansions.
Exploring the city’s architectural gems is like stepping back in time.
Kolkata is known for its vibrant festivals and cultural events throughout the year.
From Holi and Diwali to Eid and Christmas, the city celebrates diversity and unity with great enthusiasm.
Kolkata has a vibrant street art scene.
The city’s walls are adorned with colorful and thought-provoking street murals, showcasing the creativity of local artists.
The Calcutta High Court is one of the oldest high courts in India.
It has been delivering justice since 1862 and is housed in an impressive building.
Kolkata is known as the birthplace of Indian cinema.
The first Indian feature film, “Raja Harishchandra,” was screened in Kolkata in 1913.
The National Library of India in Kolkata is the largest library in the country.
It houses a vast collection of books, manuscripts, and rare documents.
Kolkata’s Chinatown is one of the oldest Chinatowns in India.
It is a vibrant neighborhood known for its delicious Chinese cuisine.
The Mother House in Kolkata is the headquarters of the Missionaries of Charity.
This is where Mother Teresa, the Nobel laureate, and founder of the Missionaries of Charity, lived and worked.
Kolkata hosts the vibrant Kolkata International Film Festival.
Film enthusiasts from around the world gather to celebrate the art of cinema.
The Howrah Bridge is one of the longest cantilever bridges in the world.
Stretching across the Hooghly River, it is a symbol of Kolkata’s rich engineering heritage.
Kolkata is known for its delectable sweets, including the famous Rosogolla and Sandesh.
No visit to Kolkata is complete without indulging in these mouthwatering treats.
Kolkata’s College Square is a popular hangout spot for students and intellectuals.
Surrounded by educational institutions, it is a melting pot of ideas and discussions.
The Indian Coffee House chain originated in Kolkata and has been serving aromatic coffee since 1876.
It is a popular meeting place for intellectuals, writers, and artists.
Kolkata has been a muse for legendary filmmaker Satyajit Ray.
His iconic movies, such as the Apu Trilogy, beautifully capture the essence of the city and its people.
Kolkata’s iconic yellow taxis are an integral part of the city’s transportation system.
They are not only a convenient mode of travel but also a symbol of Kolkata’s vibrant heritage.
These are just a few of the fascinating facts about Kolkata (Calcutta) that make it a truly remarkable city.
Whether you are captivated by its rich history, diverse culture, or delectable cuisine, Kolkata has something to offer every visitor.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Kolkata, also known as Calcutta, is a city steeped in rich history, vibrant culture, and bustling energy. From its colonial past to its modern-day charm, Kolkata offers visitors a unique blend of tradition and modernity. With its iconic landmarks, diverse culinary scene, and thriving artistic heritage, the city never fails to captivate the hearts of those who visit.Whether it’s exploring the bustling streets of Sudder Street or indulging in mouthwatering street food at Park Street, Kolkata has something for everyone. Its intellectual and literary heritage, showcased at the Kolkata International Film Festival or the Kolkata Book Fair, further adds to its cultural significance.No visit to Kolkata is complete without taking a leisurely boat ride on the Hooghly River, crossing the iconic Howrah Bridge, and experiencing the bustling atmosphere of the local markets. The city’s warmth and hospitality, coupled with its vibrant festivals like Durga Puja, make Kolkata a must-visit destination for travelers.In summary, Kolkata’s charm lies in its blend of tradition and modernity, providing a sensory overload of sights, sounds, and flavors. It is a city that leaves a lasting imprint on the hearts of those who venture into its vibrant streets.
FAQs
1. What is the best time to visit Kolkata?
The best time to visit Kolkata is during the winter months, between October and February, when the weather is pleasant and ideal for exploring the city.
2. What are some must-visit attractions in Kolkata?
Some must-visit attractions in Kolkata include the Victoria Memorial, Howrah Bridge, Marble Palace, Indian Museum, and Mother House, where Mother Teresa’s tomb is located.
3. Is Kolkata a safe city for tourists?
Like any other major city, it is important to take basic precautions while traveling in Kolkata. Avoiding isolated areas at night and being mindful of your personal belongings can help ensure a safe and enjoyable visit.
4. What is the local cuisine like in Kolkata?
Kolkata is famous for its delicious and diverse cuisine. From mouthwatering street food like puchka (pani puri) and kathi rolls to traditional Bengali sweets like rasgulla and sandesh, there is something to satisfy every palate.
5. How can I get around in Kolkata?
Kolkata has an extensive public transportation network, including buses, trams, and the metro. Taxis and ride-sharing services are also readily available. Exploring the city on foot is a great way to soak in the local flavors.
6. Is English widely spoken in Kolkata?
Yes, English is widely spoken and understood in Kolkata, making it relatively easy for tourists to communicate with the locals.
7. Are there any famous festivals celebrated in Kolkata?
Yes, Kolkata is renowned for its grand celebration of Durga Puja, one of the biggest festivals in the city. The streets come alive with elaborate decorations, cultural events, and processions during this time.
Kolkata's vibrant culture shines through its festivals, landmarks, and neighborhoods. Immerse yourself in the grandeur of Durga Puja, a spectacular celebration that showcases the city's artistic spirit. Explore Kolkata's iconic College Street, a book lover's paradise brimming with history and knowledge. Don't miss the chance to marvel at the Howrah Bridge, an engineering masterpiece that stands as a symbol of Kolkata's resilience and progress. Discover more fascinating aspects of this captivating city by delving into these engaging articles.
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