50 Facts About Merriam Webster

The Origins of Merriam-Webster

Merriam-Webster has a rich history that dates back to the early 19th century. Let's dive into the beginnings of this iconic dictionary publisher.

1. Founding: Merriam-Webster was founded in 1831 by George and Charles Merriam in Springfield, Massachusetts.
2. Initial Name: The company was initially named G & C Merriam Co.
3. Noah Webster's Legacy: After Noah Webster's death in 1843, the Merriam brothers acquired the rights to his An American Dictionary of the English Language, which became the foundation for all subsequent Merriam-Webster dictionaries.

Evolution of the Dictionary

From its early editions to the modern versions, Merriam-Webster has continuously evolved to meet the needs of its users.

4. First American Unabridged Dictionary: Noah Webster's An American Dictionary of the English Language (1828) was the first American unabridged dictionary.
5. Second Edition: The second edition of Webster's dictionary was published in 1840 and included many new words and definitions.
6. Revisions and Updates: The Merriam brothers continued to revise and update Webster's work, publishing a new edition in 1847 and another in 1859 with illustrations.
7. Expansion in 1864: The 1864 edition, often referred to as the Unabridged edition, significantly expanded the dictionary with over 114,000 entries.
8. Additions and Supplements: Later printings included additional material such as a "Supplement Of Additional Words And Definitions" containing more than 4,600 new words and definitions in 1879.
9. Webster's International Dictionary: The 1890 revision was given the title Webster’s International Dictionary, which included about 175,000 entries.
10. Webster's New International Dictionary: The 1909 edition of Webster’s New International Dictionary expanded the vocabulary to over half a million words, with the 1934 edition retrospectively called Webster’s Second International or simply "The Second Edition".
11. Collegiate Dictionary: The Collegiate Dictionary was introduced in 1898 and has since become a staple for educational institutions.
12. Addenda Section: To add new words, the Merriam Company created an Addenda Section in 1966, which was expanded in subsequent years.
13. Third New International Dictionary: Webster’s Third New International Dictionary (1961) contains more than 476,000 entries and provides the most extensive record of American English available.
14. Fourth Edition Plans: Despite extensive planning, a Fourth edition of the Webster dictionary has yet to be published, with the company emphasizing its continued commitment to Noah Webster's concept of the English language as an ever-changing tapestry.

Embracing Technology

Merriam-Webster has adapted to technological advancements, ensuring its resources remain accessible in the digital age.

15. Electronic Formats: Merriam-Webster dictionaries began to be published in electronic formats, including CD-ROMs and handheld devices, in the 1980s.
16. Online Presence: In 1996, Merriam-Webster introduced Merriam-Webster OnLine, a website offering language-related features such as access to the full text of Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary and Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Thesaurus.
17. Subscription Services: Webster’s Third New International Dictionary was made available online at a subscription website in 2002.
18. Social Media Presence: Merriam-Webster maintains an active social media presence, frequently posting dictionary-related content and taking on political issues using dictionary jargon.
19. Criticism of Trump Administration: The company's Twitter account has been known to criticize and lampoon the Trump administration, using dictionary jargon to make pointed comments.
20. Viral Tweet: In one viral tweet, Merriam Webster subtly accused Kyle Rittenhouse of fake crying at his trial.

Specialized Dictionaries and Publications

Beyond general dictionaries, Merriam-Webster offers a variety of specialized reference books.

21. Specialized Dictionaries: Since the 1940s, the company has added many specialized dictionaries, language aides, and other references to its repertoire.
22. Subsidiary of Encyclopædia Britannica: Merriam-Webster has been a subsidiary of Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. since 1964.
23. Name Change: The company adopted its current name, Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, in 1982 after losing the exclusive right to use the name "Webster".
24. Chicago Manual of Style: The Chicago Manual of Style recommends using Merriam-Webster dictionaries for general matters of spelling, as they are preferred for their comprehensive coverage.
25. CD-ROM Editions: A CD-ROM version of the complete text was published by Merriam-Webster in 2000, often packaged with the print edition.
26. 11th Edition of Collegiate Dictionary: The 11th edition of Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary (2003) includes more than 225,000 definitions and over 165,000 entries.
27. Mobile Dictionary Service: In 2007, Merriam-Webster launched a mobile dictionary and thesaurus service developed with mobile search-and-information provider AskMeNow.
28. Word of the Day: The company offers a Word of the Day service, which provides subscribers with a daily definition of a new word.
29. Open Dictionary: Merriam-Webster also offers an Open Dictionary service that allows subscribers to create and submit their own new words and definitions.
30. Geographical Dictionary: The company has published Merriam-Webster’s Geographical Dictionary, which provides detailed information on geographical locations.
31. Biographical Dictionary: A biographical dictionary is also part of Merriam-Webster’s offerings, containing information on notable figures.
32. Proper Names Dictionary: A dictionary of proper names is another specialized publication, covering names of people, places, and organizations.
33. Medical Terms Dictionary: The company has published a dictionary of medical terms, catering to healthcare professionals and students.
34. Sports Terms Dictionary: A sports terms dictionary is part of Merriam-Webster’s repertoire, providing definitions for terms used in various sports.
35. Slang Dictionary: A slang dictionary is also available, documenting contemporary slang and colloquialisms.
36. Spanish/English Dictionary: The company offers a Spanish/English dictionary, helping users navigate both languages.
37. Collegiate Thesaurus: Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Thesaurus is another notable publication, providing synonyms and antonyms for various words.
38. Secretarial Handbook: A Secretarial Handbook is part of Merriam-Webster’s non-dictionary publications, offering guidance for secretaries and administrative assistants.
39. Manual for Writers and Editors: The Manual for Writers and Editors is a comprehensive guide for writers and editors, covering grammar, style, and usage.
40. Collegiate Encyclopedia: The Collegiate Encyclopedia is an educational resource that provides detailed information on various subjects.
41. Encyclopedia of Literature: An Encyclopedia of Literature is also available, covering literary works and authors.
42. Encyclopedia of World Religions: The Encyclopedia of World Religions is a specialized publication that explores different religions around the world.
43. Britannica World Language Dictionary: In collaboration with Encyclopædia Britannica, Merriam-Webster published a three-volume version of the dictionary that included translations between English and several other languages.

Cultural and Educational Impact

Merriam-Webster's influence extends beyond just being a dictionary publisher. It has played a significant role in shaping American English and culture.

44. Historical Significance: Merriam-Webster dictionaries have played a significant role in shaping American English, with their editions often reflecting the cultural and linguistic changes of their time.
45. Lexicographic Contributions: The company has made substantial contributions to lexicography, with its dictionaries serving as authoritative sources for language usage and definitions.
46. Cultural Impact: Beyond its linguistic contributions, Merriam-Webster has also had a cultural impact, with its dictionaries often referenced in popular culture and media.
47. Educational Tool: Merriam-Webster dictionaries are widely used in educational institutions, helping students and teachers navigate the complexities of the English language.
48. Professional Reference: The company’s dictionaries are also a professional reference for linguists, writers, editors, and other language professionals.
49. Digital Age: In the digital age, Merriam-Webster has adapted by offering online services and mobile apps, ensuring that its resources remain accessible to users worldwide.
50. Legacy and Future: As the oldest dictionary publisher in the United States, Merriam-Webster continues to evolve, maintaining its legacy while embracing new technologies and linguistic trends to remain a trusted source for language reference.

Merriam-Webster's Lasting Impact

Merriam-Webster isn't just a dictionary publisher; it's a cornerstone of American English. Founded in 1831, this company has shaped how we understand and use language. From acquiring Noah Webster's groundbreaking dictionary to launching online services, Merriam-Webster has evolved with the times. Their dictionaries, like the Collegiate Dictionary and Webster’s Third New International Dictionary, are trusted by students, professionals, and educators alike. The company's active social media presence and innovative digital offerings keep it relevant in today's fast-paced world. Specialized dictionaries, mobile apps, and subscription services ensure that Merriam-Webster remains a go-to resource for language enthusiasts. As the oldest dictionary publisher in the U.S., Merriam-Webster continues to adapt, maintaining its legacy while embracing new technologies. This blend of tradition and innovation makes Merriam-Webster a lasting authority in the world of words.