37 Facts About Udham Singh

Early Life and Background

Udham Singh, a name etched in the annals of Indian history, was a revolutionary who played a pivotal role in the fight against British colonial rule. Let's delve into some fascinating facts about his early life and background.

1. Born on December 26, 1899, in Sunam, Punjab, Udham Singh's birth name was Sher Singh.
2. He lost both his parents at a young age and was raised in an orphanage in Amritsar.
3. Singh was deeply influenced by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, which occurred when he was just 19 years old.
4. He adopted the name "Udham Singh" in honor of his brother, who had passed away.

The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre was a turning point in Udham Singh's life. This tragic event fueled his desire for revenge and justice.

5. On April 13, 1919, British troops, under General Dyer's command, opened fire on a peaceful gathering in Jallianwala Bagh, killing hundreds.
6. Singh was present at the massacre and witnessed the brutality firsthand.
7. This incident ignited a burning desire in him to avenge the deaths of innocent Indians.
8. He vowed to kill Michael O'Dwyer, the then-Lieutenant Governor of Punjab, who had endorsed the massacre.

Revolutionary Activities

Udham Singh's revolutionary activities spanned across continents. He was determined to bring justice to those responsible for the atrocities in India.

9. Singh traveled to various countries, including the United States, Germany, and the Soviet Union, to garner support for India's independence.
10. He joined the Ghadar Party, an organization of Indian revolutionaries, while in the United States.
11. Singh was arrested in 1927 for possessing unlicensed arms and was sentenced to five years in prison.
12. After his release, he continued his revolutionary activities, undeterred by the challenges he faced.

Assassination of Michael O'Dwyer

The assassination of Michael O'Dwyer was the culmination of Udham Singh's lifelong mission. This act of retribution made him a hero in the eyes of many Indians.

13. On March 13, 1940, Singh shot and killed Michael O'Dwyer at a public meeting in Caxton Hall, London.
14. He used a revolver hidden inside a book to carry out the assassination.
15. Singh did not attempt to escape and was immediately arrested by the British police.
16. During his trial, he expressed no remorse for his actions, stating that he had avenged the deaths of his countrymen.

Trial and Execution

Udham Singh's trial and execution were swift, but his legacy lived on. His sacrifice became a symbol of resistance against colonial oppression.

17. Singh was tried at the Old Bailey in London, where he was found guilty of murder.
18. He was sentenced to death on June 4, 1940.
19. Singh was hanged on July 31, 1940, at Pentonville Prison in London.
20. His last words were reportedly, "I am dying for my country."

Legacy and Recognition

Udham Singh's legacy continues to inspire generations of Indians. His bravery and sacrifice are remembered and honored in various ways.

21. Singh's remains were repatriated to India in 1974 and cremated in his hometown of Sunam.
22. He was posthumously awarded the title of "Shaheed-i-Azam" (Great Martyr) by the Indian government.
23. Numerous schools, colleges, and public places in India are named after him.
24. His life and sacrifice have been depicted in various films, books, and documentaries.

Personal Life and Beliefs

Beyond his revolutionary activities, Udham Singh had a personal life and set of beliefs that shaped his actions and decisions.

25. Singh was a devout Sikh and believed in the principles of justice and equality.
26. He was known for his humility and simplicity, often living a frugal lifestyle.
27. Singh was fluent in multiple languages, including English, Punjabi, and Hindi.
28. He maintained a diary where he documented his thoughts and experiences.

Impact on Indian Independence Movement

Udham Singh's actions had a profound impact on the Indian independence movement. His sacrifice galvanized the struggle for freedom.

29. Singh's assassination of O'Dwyer brought international attention to the atrocities committed by the British in India.
30. His act of defiance inspired other revolutionaries to continue the fight for independence.
31. Singh's story became a rallying cry for those who sought to end British colonial rule.
32. His legacy is celebrated annually on his death anniversary, with tributes and commemorations across India.

Commemorations and Memorials

Various commemorations and memorials have been established to honor Udham Singh's memory and contributions to India's freedom struggle.

33. A statue of Singh stands in Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, as a tribute to his sacrifice.
34. The Shaheed Udham Singh Memorial in Sunam is dedicated to his life and legacy.
35. His name is inscribed on the India Gate war memorial in New Delhi.
36. The Udham Singh Nagar district in Uttarakhand is named in his honor.
37. Annual events and cultural programs are held to celebrate his contributions to India's independence.

The Legacy of Udham Singh

Udham Singh's life is a testament to courage and determination. His actions were driven by a deep sense of justice and patriotism. Singh's assassination of Michael O'Dwyer was not just an act of revenge but a statement against colonial oppression. His story continues to inspire many, reminding us of the sacrifices made for freedom. Singh's legacy lives on in the hearts of those who value independence and human rights. His name is etched in history as a symbol of resistance against tyranny. By remembering figures like Udham Singh, we honor the past and draw inspiration for the future. His life encourages us to stand up for what is right, no matter the cost. Singh's legacy is a powerful reminder of the impact one individual can have on the course of history.