Cicadas are among nature's most intriguing insects, and there's a lot more to them than just their distinctive summer song. These creatures have fascinated scientists and nature enthusiasts alike with their unique life cycles, behaviors, and widespread presence across the globe. From their lengthy underground development to their synchronized emergence and the reasons behind their loud calls, cicadas hold secrets that have captivated human curiosity for centuries. In this post, we'll unveil 20 fascinating facts about cicadas, shedding light on their mysterious world and highlighting why these insects are so remarkable. Whether you're a seasoned entomologist or simply someone who appreciates the wonders of the natural world, these insights into cicadas will surely pique your interest and perhaps even change the way you listen to their summer serenades.
Cicadas are fascinating insects that have captured human interest for centuries. These creatures are known for their distinctive sounds and unique life cycles. Let's dive into some intriguing facts about cicadas that might surprise you.
What Are Cicadas?
Cicadas are insects belonging to the order Hemiptera, known for their prominent eyes, short antennae, and clear wings. They are best known for the songs sung by male cicadas, which can be heard in the summer months. These sounds are not just random noise but are calls to attract mates and establish territories.
-
Cicadas have been around for a very long time, with fossils dating back over 200 million years. This makes them some of the oldest surviving insects on Earth.
-
There are over 3,000 species of cicadas worldwide. Each species has its unique song, which helps them find a mate within the same species.
Cicada Life Cycle
The life cycle of a cicada is one of the most fascinating aspects of these insects. They spend most of their lives underground as nymphs before emerging to the surface to molt and become adults.
-
Most cicadas go through a life cycle that lasts 2 to 17 years, depending on the species. The periodical cicadas, especially, are famous for their 13 or 17-year life cycles.
-
Cicadas are one of the few insects capable of creating such a loud sound. Male cicadas can produce sounds louder than 100 decibels, equivalent to a chainsaw's noise.
-
After spending years underground, cicadas emerge almost simultaneously in massive numbers, a survival strategy known as predator satiation. This overwhelms predators, ensuring that enough cicadas survive to reproduce.
Why Do Cicadas Sing?
The singing of cicadas is one of their most notable characteristics. Males produce these sounds to attract females and deter other males.
-
Only male cicadas can sing. They have special organs called tymbals, which they vibrate to produce their distinctive sounds.
-
Each cicada species has its unique song. This helps female cicadas identify and locate potential mates of the same species.
-
Cicadas can control the volume of their song. They often sing louder in noisy environments, a phenomenon known as the Lombard effect.
Cicadas and the Ecosystem
Cicadas play a significant role in their ecosystems, affecting both plant and animal communities.
-
Cicadas are an important food source for many predators, including birds, bats, and spiders. Their emergence provides a feast for these animals.
-
The burrowing activity of cicada nymphs aerates the soil, which can benefit plant growth.
-
When cicadas die, their bodies decompose and enrich the soil with nutrients, helping to fertilize plants.
Interesting Cicada Facts
Beyond their ecological role and life cycle, cicadas have some other interesting aspects worth noting.
-
Cicadas have five eyes. They possess two large compound eyes and three smaller ocelli, which are believed to help detect light and dark.
-
Some cicadas have a symbiotic relationship with fungi. The fungi can affect the behavior and lifespan of cicadas, sometimes even controlling their movements.
-
Cicadas are considered a delicacy in some cultures. They are eaten in various parts of the world, including China and Latin America, often fried or roasted.
-
The longest recorded lifespan of a cicada is 17 years, making them the insects with the longest known lifespan.
-
Cicadas' wings have a natural antibacterial property. The structure of their wings can destroy bacteria on contact.
-
Despite their loud songs, cicadas are not harmful to humans. They don't bite or sting and are not known to transmit diseases.
-
In some parts of the world, cicadas are symbols of rebirth and immortality, likely due to their long underground life and sudden, mass emergence.
-
Climate change could impact cicada populations by altering their life cycles and the timing of their emergence.
-
The mass emergence of cicadas can lead to temporary local economic impacts, such as increased spending on pest control and outdoor maintenance, as well as affecting outdoor events with their noise.
A Final Glimpse at Cicadas' Wonders
Cicadas, those buzzing heralds of summer, offer a fascinating glimpse into nature's resilience and beauty. From their unique life cycles, spanning up to 17 years underground, to their role in ecosystems as a food source for predators, these insects are more than just a seasonal soundtrack. They're a testament to survival, adaptation, and the interconnectedness of life. Understanding cicadas enriches our appreciation for the small wonders that thrive in our backyards and beyond. So next time you hear their distinctive chorus, remember, you're witnessing a rare and remarkable natural event. Cicadas aren't just insects; they're a vibrant part of Earth's tapestry, reminding us of the endless marvels that nature holds.
Was this page helpful?
Our commitment to delivering trustworthy and engaging content is at the heart of what we do. Each fact on our site is contributed by real users like you, bringing a wealth of diverse insights and information. To ensure the highest standards of accuracy and reliability, our dedicated editors meticulously review each submission. This process guarantees that the facts we share are not only fascinating but also credible. Trust in our commitment to quality and authenticity as you explore and learn with us.