20 Facts About Petra Shasha

Petra: The Lost City

Petra, often called the "Rose City" or "The Lost City," is a marvel of ancient architecture and history. Hidden in the southern Jordanian desert, Petra has fascinated explorers and historians for centuries. Here are some captivating facts about this ancient wonder.

1. Petra began to prosper around the 1st century B.C. It thrived until roughly 363 A.D. when a devastating earthquake struck. The city remained abandoned for over five centuries until rediscovered in the early 19th century by Swiss explorer Johannes Burckhardt.

2. The nickname "The Lost City" comes from its long period of obscurity. For centuries, Petra was unknown to the Western world until Burckhardt's rediscovery in 1812.

The Rose City

The unique color of Petra's stone structures has earned it another beautiful nickname: "The Rose City."

3. Petra's structures are carved from sandstone, which takes on a stunning red-pink hue at sunrise and sunset. This natural beauty has contributed to its romantic and mysterious allure.

4. The city is one of the oldest in the world. Archaeologists believe Petra was established in 321 B.C. when it became the capital of the Nabataean Empire.

Name Origin and Historical Significance

The name and history of Petra reveal much about its importance in the ancient world.

5. The name 'Petra' is derived from the Greek word 'petros,' meaning 'rocks.' This name likely reflects the city's impressive rock-cut architecture.

6. Petra served as the capital of the Nabataean Kingdom in the 4th century BCE. It was a crucial hub in ancient trade routes, connecting regions and facilitating the exchange of goods like Chinese silks, Indian spices, and Arabic incense.

Architectural Brilliance

Petra's architecture is a testament to the ingenuity and skill of the Nabateans.

7. The city's rock-cut architecture is renowned for its elaborate structures carved into rose-red cliffs. The craftsmanship and engineering of the Nabateans are considered remarkable.

8. The Treasury (Al-Khazneh) is Petra's most beautiful and photographed structure. Believed to be a mausoleum or royal tomb, it is adorned with symbols from the afterlife and has captivated visitors for centuries.

Tombs and Royal Burial Places

Petra is home to an astonishing number of tombs, reflecting the Nabateans' beliefs and customs.

9. Over 1000 tombs can be found in Petra, making it one of the largest royal tomb complexes in the world. The Nabateans built elaborate tombs to honor their ancestors and ensure their journey to the afterlife.

10. The Royal Tombs include The Urn Tomb, The Silk Tomb, The Corinthian Tomb, and The Palace Tomb. Despite damage from floods, these structures remain magnificent works of art from the first century.

Different Names and Inhabitants

Petra's history is marked by various names and inhabitants over the centuries.

11. The Nabateans had a different name for the city. According to carved inscriptions and the ancient historian Josephus, the city was referred to as Raqemo after its royal founder.

12. Different people inhabited Petra during different periods. The Edomites lived there from the 18th-2nd century B.C., the Nabateans from the 2nd century B.C. to 106 B.C., and the Romans from 106-395 A.D.

Cultural Heritage and Rediscovery

Petra's cultural significance and rediscovery have made it a symbol of Jordan's rich history.

13. Petra showcases the Nabatean civilization's advanced water conduit system, reflecting their ingenuity and cultural achievements. UNESCO has described Petra as "one of the most precious cultural properties of man’s cultural heritage."

14. The Western world had no knowledge of Petra’s existence until 1812. Johann Ludwig Burckhardt, a Swiss explorer, rediscovered Petra, marking the beginning of its modern exploration.

UNESCO World Heritage Site and Massive Theatre

Petra's recognition and features continue to draw visitors from around the world.

15. Petra was named one of the New 7 Wonders of the World by UNESCO in 2007. This designation highlights its universal appeal and historical significance.

16. Petra has a massive theatre constructed on the side of a mountain. Built during the rule of King Aretas IV, it could accommodate roughly 4000 spectators.

Bedouin Tribes and Historical Trade Route

The people and trade routes of Petra add to its rich tapestry of history.

17. Some Nabateans’ descendants still call Petra home. The B’doul tribe claims descent from the original Nabataeans, with some members living in the ancient city and nearby Wadi Musa.

18. Petra was a famous historical trade route connecting Greece to South Asia. It was a thriving commercial hub for goods like Chinese silks, Indian spices, and Arabic incense.

Artificial Gardens and Exploration

Petra's advanced engineering and unexplored areas continue to intrigue archaeologists.

19. Petra was home to lush gardens with fountains, ponds, and swimming pools. These artificial gardens, made possible by complex irrigation systems, reflect the advanced engineering skills of the Nabateans.

20. Archaeologists have explored only 15% of Petra. Most of the city remains underground, promising more wonders to come. The site is vast and complex, with many secrets waiting to be uncovered by future explorers.

Petra's Timeless Allure

Petra's rich history, stunning architecture, and cultural significance make it a must-see destination. From its nickname "The Lost City" to the breathtaking Treasury (Al-Khazneh), Petra offers a glimpse into the past. The Nabataean Kingdom's ingenuity is evident in the intricate rock-cut structures and advanced water systems. Rediscovered in 1812 by Swiss explorer Johannes Burckhardt, Petra has since been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the New 7 Wonders of the World. The city's role in ancient trade routes and its over 1000 tombs highlight its historical importance. Even today, Petra continues to captivate visitors and filmmakers alike. Whether you're a history buff, an architecture enthusiast, or just someone looking for adventure, Petra promises an unforgettable experience. Its timeless allure ensures that it remains a treasure trove of ancient wonders.