19 Facts About Haile Selassie I

Early Life and Background

Haile Selassie, born as Tafari Makonnen, was a significant figure in Ethiopian history. His early life set the stage for his future leadership.

1. Born on July 23, 1892, in Ejersa Goro, Ethiopia, he was the son of Ras Makonnen, a governor of Harar, and Yeshimebet Ali.

2. His birth name, Tafari Makonnen, means "one who is respected" in Amharic.

3. He was educated by French missionaries, which gave him a broad perspective on global affairs.

Rise to Power

Haile Selassie's ascent to power was marked by strategic moves and significant events that shaped Ethiopia's future.

4. In 1916, he was appointed as the regent and heir apparent to Empress Zewditu.

5. He became Emperor of Ethiopia on November 2, 1930, after Empress Zewditu's death.

6. His coronation was attended by representatives from various countries, highlighting his international recognition.

Reforms and Modernization

As emperor, Haile Selassie implemented numerous reforms to modernize Ethiopia and improve the lives of its people.

7. He introduced Ethiopia's first written constitution in 1931, which limited the powers of the monarchy.

8. He established the Ethiopian National Bank in 1943 to stabilize the country's economy.

9. Education was a priority for him; he founded the University College of Addis Ababa in 1950.

World War II and Exile

Haile Selassie's leadership was tested during World War II when Italy invaded Ethiopia.

10. In 1936, he went into exile in England after Italy's invasion of Ethiopia.

11. He addressed the League of Nations in Geneva, pleading for international support against Italian aggression.

12. He returned to Ethiopia in 1941 after the Allied forces defeated the Italians, restoring his rule.

Role in the United Nations

Haile Selassie played a crucial role in the formation and activities of the United Nations.

13. He was a founding member of the United Nations in 1945, advocating for collective security and international cooperation.

14. His speech at the United Nations in 1963 emphasized the importance of human rights and equality.

Rastafarian Movement

Haile Selassie is a central figure in the Rastafarian movement, which regards him as a messianic figure.

15. The movement began in Jamaica in the 1930s, inspired by his coronation and African heritage.

16. He met with prominent Rastafarian leaders during his visit to Jamaica in 1966, strengthening their beliefs.

Later Years and Legacy

Haile Selassie's later years were marked by political challenges and his eventual overthrow.

17. In 1974, a military coup led by the Derg resulted in his deposition and imprisonment.

18. He died under mysterious circumstances on August 27, 1975, while under house arrest.

19. Despite his controversial end, he is remembered for his efforts to modernize Ethiopia and his influence on global politics.

Haile Selassie's Enduring Legacy

Haile Selassie's impact on Ethiopia and the world remains significant. His efforts in modernizing Ethiopia, advocating for African unity, and resisting colonialism left an indelible mark. Known as the "Lion of Judah," he inspired the Rastafarian movement, which views him as a messianic figure. His speeches at the League of Nations and the United Nations highlighted his commitment to peace and justice. Despite facing political challenges and eventual exile, Selassie's legacy endures through his contributions to global diplomacy and African independence. His life serves as a testament to resilience, leadership, and the pursuit of equality. Understanding Selassie's story offers valuable insights into the complexities of 20th-century history and the ongoing struggle for human rights. His legacy continues to inspire those who seek to make a positive impact on the world.