36 Facts About Edinburgh Castle

The History of Edinburgh Castle

Edinburgh Castle, perched atop Castle Rock, has a rich history spanning centuries. This iconic fortress has witnessed countless events and transformations.

1. Ancient Beginnings: The site has been occupied since at least the Iron Age, around 2nd century AD.
2. Royal Residence: It served as a royal residence until 1633.
3. St. Margaret's Chapel: Built in the 12th century, it's the oldest surviving building in Edinburgh.
4. Wars of Scottish Independence: The castle played a pivotal role during these wars in the late 13th and early 14th centuries.
5. Siege of 1573: One of the longest sieges in the castle's history, lasting two years.
6. Jacobite Risings: The castle was a key stronghold during the Jacobite Risings of the 17th and 18th centuries.

Architectural Marvels

The architecture of Edinburgh Castle reflects its long history, with structures from various periods.

7. Great Hall: Completed in 1511 by James IV, it features a stunning hammerbeam roof.
8. Half Moon Battery: Built in the late 16th century, it offers panoramic views of the city.
9. David's Tower: Constructed in the 14th century, it was partially destroyed during the Lang Siege.
10. Crown Square: The heart of the castle, completed in the 15th century.
11. Portcullis Gate: The main entrance, built in the late 16th century, still stands strong.
12. Mons Meg: A massive medieval bombard built in 1449, it could fire 150kg cannonballs.

The Crown Jewels and Stone of Destiny

Edinburgh Castle houses some of Scotland's most treasured artifacts.

13. Crown Jewels: Known as the Honours of Scotland, they include a crown, sword, and scepter.
14. Stone of Destiny: Used in the coronation of Scottish monarchs, it was returned to Scotland in 1996.
15. Great Hall Display: The Crown Jewels are displayed in the Great Hall, attracting thousands of visitors.
16. Regalia Room: The room where the Crown Jewels are kept is heavily guarded.
17. Symbol of Scottish Independence: The Stone of Destiny symbolizes Scotland's national pride and independence.

Military Significance

Edinburgh Castle has always been a strategic military stronghold.

18. Garrison: It has housed a garrison since the 17th century.
19. National War Museum: Located within the castle, it showcases Scotland's military history.
20. One O'Clock Gun: A time signal fired every day except Sundays, Good Friday, and Christmas Day.
21. Military Prison: The castle once held prisoners of war, including Americans during the War of Independence.
22. Argyle Battery: A defensive position built in the 18th century, named after the Duke of Argyll.
23. Governor's House: Built in 1742, it served as the residence for the castle's governor.

Legends and Myths

The castle is steeped in legends and myths that add to its mystique.

24. Ghosts: Many believe the castle is haunted, with sightings of ghostly figures reported.
25. The Lone Piper: Legend says a piper disappeared while exploring the castle's tunnels.
26. The Drummer Boy: A headless drummer boy is said to appear before the castle is attacked.
27. The Black Dinner: In 1440, a gruesome event known as the Black Dinner took place, inspiring the "Red Wedding" in Game of Thrones.
28. The Stone Lion: A stone lion at the castle's entrance is said to come to life at night.

Modern-Day Edinburgh Castle

Today, Edinburgh Castle is a major tourist attraction and cultural landmark.

29. Annual Events: The castle hosts the Royal Edinburgh Military Tattoo every August.
30. Visitor Numbers: Over 2 million people visit the castle each year.
31. UNESCO World Heritage Site: It forms part of the Old and New Towns of Edinburgh, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
32. Film Location: The castle has been featured in numerous films and TV shows.
33. Educational Programs: Offers various educational programs for schools and visitors.
34. Castle Esplanade: The large open space in front of the castle is used for events and ceremonies.
35. Gift Shop: The castle's gift shop offers a range of Scottish-themed souvenirs.
36. Guided Tours: Visitors can take guided tours to learn more about the castle's history and significance.

Edinburgh Castle: A Timeless Marvel

Edinburgh Castle stands as a testament to Scotland's rich history and architectural brilliance. From its origins as a royal residence to its role in numerous battles, this fortress has witnessed countless pivotal moments. The Stone of Destiny, used in the coronation of Scottish monarchs, and the Crown Jewels are just a few treasures housed within its walls. The castle's strategic location atop Castle Rock offers breathtaking views of the city, making it a must-visit for history buffs and tourists alike. With its blend of ancient legends and historical artifacts, Edinburgh Castle continues to captivate visitors from around the world. Whether you're exploring the Great Hall, marveling at the Mons Meg cannon, or simply soaking in the panoramic vistas, this iconic landmark promises an unforgettable experience. So, next time you're in Scotland, don't miss the chance to step back in time at Edinburgh Castle.