38 Facts About Gettysburg

The Battle of Gettysburg: A Turning Point in History

The Battle of Gettysburg is one of the most significant events in American history. It marked a turning point in the Civil War and had lasting impacts on the nation.

1. 01The Battle of Gettysburg took place from July 1 to July 3, 1863.
2. 02It was fought in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
3. 03The battle involved around 165,000 soldiers, making it the largest battle ever fought in North America.
4. 04General Robert E. Lee led the Confederate Army, while Major General George G. Meade commanded the Union forces.
5. 05The battle began when Confederate forces encountered Union cavalry on the outskirts of Gettysburg.

Key Moments and Strategies

Understanding the key moments and strategies used during the Battle of Gettysburg helps to grasp its complexity and significance.

6. 06On the first day, Confederate forces pushed Union troops through the town to Cemetery Hill.
7. 07The second day saw intense fighting at locations like Little Round Top, Devil's Den, and the Wheatfield.
8. 08On July 3, the battle culminated in Pickett's Charge, a massive Confederate assault on the Union center at Cemetery Ridge.
9. 09Pickett's Charge resulted in heavy Confederate losses and is often considered the high-water mark of the Confederacy.
10. 10The Union's defensive positions on high ground played a crucial role in their victory.

The Aftermath and Casualties

The aftermath of the Battle of Gettysburg was devastating, with significant casualties on both sides.

11. 11Approximately 51,000 soldiers were killed, wounded, or missing after the battle.
12. 12The Union Army suffered around 23,000 casualties, while the Confederates had about 28,000.
13. 13The town of Gettysburg was left with the enormous task of caring for the wounded and burying the dead.
14. 14Many buildings in Gettysburg were turned into makeshift hospitals.
15. 15The battle significantly weakened the Confederate Army, impacting their ability to wage war effectively.

Gettysburg Address: A Speech for the Ages

President Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address is one of the most famous speeches in American history, delivered months after the battle.

16. 16Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address on November 19, 1863.
17. 17The speech was given at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg.
18. 18Lincoln's address was only about two minutes long but profoundly impactful.
19. 19The speech emphasized the principles of human equality and the importance of preserving the Union.
20. 20Lincoln's words, "government of the people, by the people, for the people," have become iconic.

The Gettysburg National Military Park

Today, Gettysburg is preserved as a national park, attracting millions of visitors each year.

21. 21The Gettysburg National Military Park was established in 1895.
22. 22The park covers over 6,000 acres of land, including many key battle sites.
23. 23Visitors can explore more than 1,300 monuments, markers, and memorials.
24. 24The park includes the Gettysburg Museum and Visitor Center, which houses numerous artifacts and exhibits.
25. 25Guided tours and reenactments help bring the history of the battle to life.

Notable Figures and Heroes

Many individuals played crucial roles during the Battle of Gettysburg, leaving lasting legacies.

26. 26General George Pickett led the infamous Pickett's Charge.
27. 27Colonel Joshua Chamberlain and the 20th Maine Regiment heroically defended Little Round Top.
28. 28General John Buford's cavalry division held off Confederate forces on the first day, buying time for Union reinforcements.
29. 29General James Longstreet was one of Lee's most trusted commanders during the battle.
30. 30Confederate General Lewis Armistead led his brigade during Pickett's Charge and was mortally wounded.

The Legacy of Gettysburg

The Battle of Gettysburg continues to be remembered and studied for its historical significance and lessons.

31. 31The battle is often cited as the turning point of the Civil War.
32. 32Gettysburg has been the subject of numerous books, movies, and documentaries.
33. 33The battle's impact on military strategy and tactics is still analyzed by historians and military professionals.
34. 34Gettysburg serves as a symbol of national unity and sacrifice.
35. 35The annual Gettysburg reenactment draws thousands of participants and spectators.

Interesting Tidbits and Lesser-Known Facts

Beyond the well-known events, there are many intriguing and lesser-known facts about Gettysburg.

36. 36The battle was fought during one of the hottest summers on record, with temperatures reaching over 90 degrees Fahrenheit.
37. 37A civilian named John Burns, a 69-year-old veteran of the War of 1812, took up arms and fought alongside Union soldiers.
38. 38The Gettysburg Cyclorama, a massive 360-degree painting depicting Pickett's Charge, is one of the largest paintings in North America.

The Legacy of Gettysburg

Gettysburg isn't just a chapter in history books. It’s a place where the past echoes through every corner. The battle, fought over three days in 1863, shaped the future of the United States. With over 51,000 casualties, it was one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War. The Gettysburg Address, delivered by Abraham Lincoln, redefined the nation's ideals. Today, the battlefield stands as a reminder of sacrifice and courage. Visitors can walk the grounds, visit the museum, and reflect on the events that unfolded there. Gettysburg’s legacy continues to teach us about unity, bravery, and the cost of freedom. Whether you're a history buff or just curious, Gettysburg offers a profound glimpse into America's past. It’s a place where history lives on, reminding us of the struggles and triumphs that have shaped our nation.