35 Facts About Jules Brunet

Early Life and Military Education

Jules Brunet's journey began in France, where his early life and education set the stage for his remarkable career.

1. Jules Brunet was born on January 2, 1838, in Belfort, France. This town is located in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France.

2. He was the son of Jean-Michel Brunet, a veterinary doctor in the French army, and Louise-Adine Rocher. His father's military background likely influenced his career choice.

3. In 1855, Brunet began his military education at Saint-Cyr. Often referred to as France's West Point, Saint-Cyr is a prestigious military academy.

4. Two years later, he entered the École Polytechnique. This prestigious military engineering school in France is known for producing top military engineers.

5. He graduated 68th out of 120 in his class in 1861. Despite not being at the top, his performance was commendable.

6. After graduating, Brunet joined the horse artillery. He completed his education at the school of artillery in Metz, graduating fourth in his course in 1861.

Military Career and Achievements

Brunet's military career was marked by significant achievements and rapid promotions.

7. Brunet served in the French invasion of Mexico. As a sub-lieutenant in the horse artillery regiment of the Imperial Guard, he distinguished himself during the Siege of Puebla in 1863.

8. He was awarded the Cross of the Légion d'Honneur by Emperor Napoleon III. This prestigious award recognized his bravery and service.

9. In 1867, Brunet was promoted to captain of the artillery. His service in Mexico earned him this promotion and the title of Knight of the Légion d'Honneur.

Mission to Japan

Brunet's mission to Japan was a turning point in his career, leading to his involvement in the Boshin War.

10. In 1867, the French government sent a group of military advisors to Japan. Brunet was part of this mission as an artillery expert.

11. Brunet and his team arrived in Japan to train the shogunate's new troops. Their goal was to modernize the army of the shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu.

12. When the shogun was defeated in the Boshin War, Brunet refused to leave Japan. He chose to stay and fight alongside the shogunate forces.

13. Brunet played a leading role in the separatist Republic of Ezo. He was one of the few foreign advisors who sided with the losing side in the conflict.

14. On January 27, 1868, Brunet and Captain André Cazeneuve accompanied the shogun's troops to Kyoto. This marked the beginning of the Battle of Toba-Fushimi.

15. Despite being outnumbered, the Satsuma-Choshu forces had superior equipment. They used modern rifles, howitzers, and Gatling guns, while the shogunate forces relied on traditional weapons.

16. Brunet survived the Battle of Toba-Fushimi. This significant victory for the Satsuma-Choshu forces decimated the shogunate's army.

17. After the battle, Brunet was ordered to return to France. He refused, choosing to continue fighting alongside the shogunate forces.

18. Brunet became a key figure in the Republic of Ezo. He envisioned directing a large force of Japanese officers and non-commissioned officers, but this vision never materialized.

Return to France and Later Career

After his adventures in Japan, Brunet returned to France, where he continued to serve with distinction.

19. Eventually, Brunet was forced to return to France after the defeat of the shogunate forces. He was taken prisoner during the Franco-Prussian War in 1870 but managed to escape.

20. Brunet rose through the ranks and became a general of division in 1898. He worked closely with the Minister of War and was appointed as his chief of staff.

21. During the Franco-Prussian War, Brunet distinguished himself at several battles. These included Spicheren, Mars-la-Tour, and Gravelotte.

22. After the war, Brunet played a key role in suppressing the Paris Commune. This radical socialist uprising in Paris was a significant challenge for the French government.

23. In August 1871, Brunet visited the Royal School of Military Engineering in the United Kingdom. This visit was part of his ongoing education and professional development.

24. Later that year, Brunet was made an officer of the Légion d'Honneur. He was also assigned as aide de camp to the Minister of War, Ernest Courtot de Cissey.

25. In 1879, Brunet was appointed military attaché to Rome. This role required him to maintain diplomatic relations with Italian military forces.

26. Between 1887 and 1891, Brunet commanded the 11th Artillery Regiment. This position further solidified his reputation as a skilled artillery officer.

27. In December 1891, Brunet was promoted to brigade general. He commanded the 48th Infantry Brigade, demonstrating his leadership abilities.

28. Between 1891 and 1897, Brunet commanded the 19th Artillery Brigade. This position allowed him to focus on modernizing French artillery tactics.

29. In 1898, Chanoine, his former senior officer in the Japan mission, appointed Brunet as his chef de cabinet. This role required him to manage the administrative aspects of the Ministry of War.

30. As part of his promotion to general of division, Brunet was recognized for his contributions to French military history. He became one of the most respected generals in the French army.

Legacy and Influence

Brunet's legacy extends beyond his military career, influencing both French and Japanese history.

31. In January 1903, Brunet retired into the army reserve. He spent his later years in Fontenay-sous-Bois, where he passed away on August 13, 1911.

32. Despite his return to France, Brunet's legacy in Japan remains significant. He was presented with three Japanese swords by Yoshinobu Tokugawa as a symbol of respect.

33. Brunet was also a talented artist. He created numerous sketches and paintings depicting the battles he fought in, capturing the essence of the modern samurai.

34. The character of Nathan Algren in 'The Last Samurai' was heavily influenced by Brunet's life. The film's director, Edward Zwick, drew parallels between Algren's journey and Brunet's decision to stay in Japan.

35. Brunet's story highlights the cultural exchange and conflict during the Meiji Restoration period. His decision to stay in Japan and fight for a cause he believed in reflects the complexities of cultural identity and loyalty.

Jules Brunet's Lasting Impact

Jules Brunet's life was nothing short of extraordinary. From his early days in France to his pivotal role in Japan, Brunet's journey was marked by bravery, loyalty, and a deep sense of duty. His decision to stay and fight alongside the shogunate forces during the Boshin War showcased his unwavering commitment to his beliefs. Even after returning to France, his military career continued to flourish, earning him numerous accolades and promotions. Brunet's legacy lives on, not just in history books but also in popular culture, inspiring films like 'The Last Samurai.' His story serves as a reminder of the complexities of cultural exchange and the enduring impact one individual can have on the course of history. Jules Brunet remains a symbol of courage and dedication, leaving an indelible mark on both French and Japanese heritage.